NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Section Summary. Prokaryotes are predominantly single-celled organisms of the domains Bacteria and Archaea. All prokaryotes have plasma membranes, cytoplasm, ribosomes, a cell wall, DNA, and lack membrane-bound organelles. Many also have polysaccharide capsules.

Detailed explanation-2: -The cytoplasm is an integral part of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and functions to house and maintain an optimal environment for the cellular organelles.

Detailed explanation-3: -All cells fall into one of these two broad categories. Only the single-celled organisms of the domains Bacteria and Archaea are classified as prokaryotes-pro means before and kary means nucleus. Animals, plants, fungi, and protists are all eukaryotes-eu means true-and are made up of eukaryotic cells.

Detailed explanation-4: -Prokaryotic cells do not have a true nucleus that contains their genetic material as eukaryotic cells do. Instead, prokaryotic cells have a nucleoid region, which is an irregularly-shaped region that contains the cell’s DNA and is not surrounded by a nuclear envelope.

Detailed explanation-5: -The other three components: the cytoplasm, cell membrane and the ribosomes, are present in both Prokaryotic cells and Eukaryotic cells.