NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Significance: Peroxisomes are organelles present in most eukaryotic cells. The organs with the highest density of peroxisomes are the liver and kidneys.

Detailed explanation-2: -The two main cell organelles of the liver, the mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum, comprise about 80% of the total liver protein. Of the approximately 150 mg of protein per g of liver, there are about 70 mg of mitochondrial and 55 mg of microsomal protein (1).

Detailed explanation-3: -Lysosomes are found in all animal cells, but are most numerous in disease-fighting cells, such as white blood cells. This is because white blood cells must digest more material than most other types of cells in their quest to battle bacteria, viruses, and other foreign intruders.

Detailed explanation-4: -Lysosomes are particularly abundant in secretory cells e.g. epithelial cells, and in phagocytic cells. For example, there are many lysosomes in liver cells-two of the main functions of the liver being (1.) secretion of bile and bile salts, and (2.) phagocytosis of bacteria and dead or foreign materials.

Detailed explanation-5: -Among the more important cell organelles are the nuclei, which store genetic information; mitochondria, which produce chemical energy; and ribosomes, which assemble proteins.