NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Chloroplasts function in photosynthesis and can be found in eukaryotic cells such as plants and algae. In photosynthesis, carbon dioxide, water, and light energy are used to make glucose and oxygen.

Detailed explanation-2: -Like mitochondria, plastids contain their own DNA. Therefore, according to endosymbiotic theory, plastids may also have evolved from ancient, free-living prokaryotes that invaded larger prokaryotic cells. If so, they allowed early eukaryotes to make food and produce oxygen.

Detailed explanation-3: -A plastid is a membrane-bound organelle found in plants, algae and other eukaryotic organisms that contribute to the production of pigment molecules. Most plastids are photosynthetic, thus leading to color production and energy storage or production.

Detailed explanation-4: -A large and diverse body of evidence supports the notion that mitochondria and plastids (chloroplasts), the textbook membrane-bound organelles of eukaryotes, evolved from once free-living bacteria by endosymbiosis (1, 2).

Detailed explanation-5: -Chloroplasts are plant cell organelles that convert light energy into relatively stable chemical energy via the photosynthetic process. By doing so, they sustain life on Earth.