NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The process in which the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell divides is called mitosis. During mitosis, the two sister chromatids that make up each chromosome separate from each other and move to opposite poles of the cell. Mitosis occurs in four phases. The phases are called prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

Detailed explanation-2: -As a cell prepares to divide, it must make a copy of each of its chromosomes. The two copies of a chromosome are called sister chromatids.

Detailed explanation-3: -Diploid is a term that refers to the presence of two complete sets of chromosomes in an organism’s cells, with each parent contributing a chromosome to each pair. Humans are diploid, and most of the body’s cells contain 23 chromosomes pairs.

Detailed explanation-4: -During prophase, the chromosomes condense and the nucleolus disappears. At the beginning of prophase, the chromosomes are condensing to become visible microscopically. Each chromosome consists of two parallelsister chromatids, joined together at one point along their length at thecentromere.

Detailed explanation-5: -The identical copies of each chromosome are known as sister chromatids, and they are tightly associated together through G2 phase and early mitosis.