NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -G2 phase is a period of rapid cell growth and protein synthesis during which the cell prepares itself for mitosis. Curiously, G2 phase is not a necessary part of the cell cycle, as some cell types (particularly young Xenopus embryos and some cancers) proceed directly from DNA replication to mitosis.

Detailed explanation-2: -A cell spends most of its time in what is called interphase, and during this time it grows, replicates its chromosomes, and prepares for cell division. The cell then leaves interphase, undergoes mitosis, and completes its division.

Detailed explanation-3: -Initially in G1 phase, the cell grows physically and increases the volume of both protein and organelles. In S phase, the cell copies its DNA to produce two sister chromatids and replicates its nucleosomes. Finally, G2 phase involves further cell growth and organisation of cellular contents.

Detailed explanation-4: -The second growth phase starts to prepare the cells with newly replicated DNA for entry into the mitosis phase by putting in place the necessary organelles for mitosis. The cell cycle is a vital part of the continued persistence of all eukaryotes and prokaryotes.

Detailed explanation-5: -At the G2 checkpoint, the cell checks for: DNA damage. DNA replication completeness.