NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A homologous chromosome pertains to one of a pair of chromosomes with the same gene sequence, loci, chromosomal length, and centromere location. A homologous pair consists of one paternal and one maternal chromosome. In humans, there are a total of 46 chromosomes in the nucleus of a somatic cell.

Detailed explanation-2: -What are Homologous Chromosomes? Homologous Chromosomes are made of chromosomal pairs of the same length and centromere positions for the genes corresponding to the same loci. Typically one of the chromosomes is inherited from the father and the other from the mother.

Detailed explanation-3: -The homologous chromosome is the technical term for a pair of corresponding chromosomes of the same size and shape, one from each parent. A diploid cell has two copies of the chromosome; these are called the homologous chromosomes. Crossing-over happens between non-sister chromatids of the homologous chromosomes.

Detailed explanation-4: -The sex chromosomes, X and Y, determine a person’s biological sex: XX specifies female and XY specifies male. These chromosomes are not true homologues and are an exception to the rule of the same genes in the same places.

Detailed explanation-5: -Homologous chromosomes correspond to the chromosomes present on the same pair in contrast to non-homologous chromosomes where they are found on different pairs. Number of chromosomes in homologous pairs are based on the ploidy of that entity.