NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In humans, n = 23. Gametes contain half the chromosomes contained in normal diploid cells of the body, which are also known as somatic cells. Haploid gametes are produced during meiosis, which is a type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes in a parent diploid cell by half.

Detailed explanation-2: -Egg and sperm cells have just 23 chromosomes each. That’s half as many chromosomes as regular cells. Through the process of fertilization, egg and sperm join to make a cell with 46 chromosomes (23 pairs), called a zygote. For each chromosome pair, one homologous chromosome came from each parent.

Detailed explanation-3: -Therefore, meiosis results in four haploid genetically unique daughter cells, each with half the DNA of the parent cell (Figure below). In human cells, the parent cell has 46 chromosomes (23 pairs), so the cells produced by meiosis have 23 chromosomes. These cells will become gametes. An overview of meiosis.

Detailed explanation-4: -So, haploid cells contain half the number of chromosomes of somatic cells. Therefore, if we divide the 46 chromosomes we know exist in diploid somatic cells by two, we get 23. This means each gamete contains 23 chromosomes. In sexual reproduction, during fertilization, an egg and a sperm cell join to form a zygote.

Detailed explanation-5: -Chromosome number is halved in gametes to restore the normal number i.e. after fertilization to form a zygote.