NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Radiation can kill cells by two distinct mechanisms. The first is apoptosis, also called programmed cell death or interphase death. Cells undergoing apoptosis as an immediate consequence of radiation damage usually die in interphase within a few hours of irradiation, irrespective of and without intervening mitosis.

Detailed explanation-2: -There are many signals that can occur in cancer cells that quickly lead to apoptosis despite their typical evasion of apoptosis. Cancer cells are ‘primed for death’ meaning that they are closer to triggering the apoptotic pathway than normal cells [17].

Detailed explanation-3: -Apoptosis plays important roles in physiology and pathology, and can be triggered by numerous stimuli, including ischemia, hypoxia, exposure to certain drugs and chemicals, immune reactions, infectious agents, high temperature, radiation, and various disease states.

Detailed explanation-4: -Radiation-induced tumor cell death has been studied extensively in vitro and is widely attributed to multiple distinct mechanisms, including apoptosis, necrosis, mitotic catastrophe (MC), autophagy, and senescence, which may occur concurrently.