NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The individual epithelial cells also have finger-like projections known as microvilli . The function of the villi and the microvilli is to increase the amount of surface area available for the absorption of nutrients.

Detailed explanation-2: -Microvilli on the surface of epithelial cells such as those lining the intestine increase the cell’s surface area and thus facilitate the absorption of ingested food and water molecules.

Detailed explanation-3: -The smaller the cell, the more favorable the ratio of volume to surface area for material exchange with the atmosphere is done by diffusion. Although surface area determines the rate at which nutrients are taken in or excreted, the volume determines how much enters and leaves the cell.

Detailed explanation-4: -The lining of the small intestinal mucosa is very highly specialized for maximizing digestion and absorption of nutrients. The lining is highly folded to form microscopic finger-like projections called villi which increase the surface area to help with absorption.

Detailed explanation-5: -Cell size is limited by the surface area to volume ratio of the cell. As the volume of a cell increases, it becomes harder to efficiently transport materials in and out of the cell.