CELL STRUCTURES AND FUNCTION
CELL CYCLE
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Chromosomes attach to mitotic spindles and align along the equator of the cell.
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The cell grows and carries out normal cell processes and DNA replicates.
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Chromosomes reach poles of the cell, nuclear envelope, reforms, nucleolus reappears, and chromosomes decondense.
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Microtubules shorten moving chromosomes to opposite poles.
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Nuclear membrane disintegrates, the nucleolus disappears, chromosomes condense, mitotic spindle begins to form between the poles.
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Detailed explanation-1: -During metaphase, the kinetochore microtubules pull the sister chromatids back and forth until they align along the equator of the cell, called the equatorial plane. There is an important checkpoint in the middle of mitosis, called the metaphase checkpoint, during which the cell ensures that it is ready to divide.
Detailed explanation-2: -The mitotic spindles migrate to opposite poles of the elongated cell to help chromosomes align at the central equator of the cell, called the metaphase plate. Finally, these mitotic spindle fibers move back and forth and shorten to help the duplicated chromosomes separate and migrate to the opposite poles.
Detailed explanation-3: -Cell Biol. https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201807228) show that chromosome alignment ensures mitotic fidelity by promoting interchromosomal compaction during anaphase. During mitosis, chromosomes align at the spindle equator to establish a metaphase plate.
Detailed explanation-4: -Metaphase follows prophase. During metaphase, the chromosomes align in the center of the cell at the equatorial plate and the spindle fibers attach to the centromeres of the chromosomes.
Detailed explanation-5: -During mitosis, chromosomes are bound to microtubules emanating from both poles of the mitotic spindle via sister-kinetochores and aligned on the metaphase plate precisely in the middle of the spindle. The equatorial position of the metaphase plate is a distinctive feature of metazoan, plant, and many fungal cells.