CELL STRUCTURES AND FUNCTION
CELL CYCLE
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Chromosomes don’t separate correctly causing genetic disorders
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There is no such thing as nondisjunction
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Cells divide
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Cells collide
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Detailed explanation-1: -In nondisjunction, the separation fails to occur causing both sister chromatids or homologous chromosomes to be pulled to one pole of the cell. Mitotic nondisjunction can occur due to the inactivation of either topoisomerase II, condensin, or separase.
Detailed explanation-2: -If the chromosomes don’t split into equal halves, the new cells can have an extra chromosome (47 total) or have a missing chromosome (45 total).
Detailed explanation-3: -Nondisjunction is the failure of homologous chromosomes to disjoin correctly during meiosis. This results in the production of gametes containing a greater or lesser chromosomal amount than normal ones. Consequently the individual may develop a trisomal or monosomal syndrome.
Detailed explanation-4: -If sister chromatids fail to separate during meiosis II, the result is two normal gametes each with one copy of the chromosome, and two abnormal gametes in which one carries two copies and the other carries none.
Detailed explanation-5: -Nondisjunction occurs when homologous chromosomes (meiosis I) or sister chromatids (meiosis II) fail to separate during meiosis. An individual with the appropriate number of chromosomes for their species is called euploid; in humans, euploidy corresponds to 22 pairs of autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes.