NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The chromosomes are separated by a structure called the mitotic spindle. The mitotic spindle is made of many long proteins called microtubules, which are attached to a chromosome at one end and to the pole of a cell at the other end. The sister chromatids are separated simultaneously at their centromeres.

Detailed explanation-2: -Centromere The centromere appears as a constricted region of a chromosome and plays a key role in helping the cell divide up its DNA during division (mitosis and meiosis). Specifically, it is the region where the cell’s spindle fibers attach.

Detailed explanation-3: -During metaphase, spindle fibers attach to the centromere of each pair of sister chromatids (see Figure below). The sister chromatids line up at the equator, or center, of the cell. This is also known as the metaphase plate.

Detailed explanation-4: -The spindle fibers from the other side of the cell attach to the other sister chromatids in the chromosome. They attach at a point called the kinetochore, which is a disk or protein that is on each side of the centromere. The spindle fibers will move the chromosomes until they are lined up at the spindle equator.