NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Homologous chromosomes are made up of chromosome pairs of approximately the same length, centromere position, and staining pattern, for genes with the same corresponding loci. One homologous chromosome is inherited from the organism’s mother; the other is inherited from the organism’s father.

Detailed explanation-2: -Half come from the mother; the other half come from the father. Two of the chromosomes (the X and the Y chromosome) determine your sex as male or female when you are born. They are called sex chromosomes: Females have 2 X chromosomes.

Detailed explanation-3: -The chromosomes in a homologous pair each have the same genes in the same order, but there may be variation between them, resulting in different alleles.

Detailed explanation-4: -S Phase: In each human somatic cell, there are 23 pairs of chromosomes; one chromosome comes from the mother and one comes from the father. These pairs are known as homologous chromosomes or homologues.

Detailed explanation-5: -Heterozygous for a gene refers to when a homologous pair of chromosomes has different alleles of the same gene. A gene pair’s two alleles are found on homologous chromosomes. Alleles are a type of gene that differs from others.