NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Declining biodiversity lowers an ecosystem’s productivity (the amount of food energy that is converted into the biomass) and lowers the quality of the ecosystem’s services (which often include maintaining the soil, purifying water that runs through it, and supplying food and shade, etc.).

Detailed explanation-2: -Greater biodiversity in ecosystems, species, and individuals leads to greater stability. For example, species with high genetic diversity and many populations that are adapted to a wide variety of conditions are more likely to be able to weather disturbances, disease, and climate change.

Detailed explanation-3: -Biodiversity is essential for sustainable development and human well-being. It underpins the provision of food, fibre and water; it mitigates and provides resilience to climate change; it supports human health, and provides jobs in agriculture, fisheries, forestry and many other sectors.

Detailed explanation-4: -The relationship between biodiversity and sustainability is direct. Biodiversity is the variety of species living in an ecosystem. Areas with high biodiversity have more complex interactions between organisms, and this complexity helps the ecosystem maintain homeostasis.

Detailed explanation-5: -That is, biodiversity can increase overall ecosystem stability when biodiversity is low, and decrease it when biodiversity is high, or the opposite with a U-shaped relationship.