ECOLOGY
BIODIVERSITY AND ITS CONSERVATION
|
Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
|
|
|
The excessive use of a species that has economic value.
|
|
|
All species dying in one area
|
|
|
The different environmental conditions that occur along the boundaries of an ecosystem.
|
|
|
The separation of an ecosystem into small areas.
|
Detailed explanation-1: -Habitat fragmentation is defined as the process during which a large expanse of habitat is transformed into a number of smaller patches of smaller total area isolated from each other by a matrix of habitats unlike the original (Fahrig, 2003).
Detailed explanation-2: -Fragmentation happens when parts of a habitat are destroyed, leaving behind smaller unconnected areas. This can occur naturally, as a result of fire or volcanic eruptions, but is normally due to human activity. A simple example is the construction of a road through a woodland.
Detailed explanation-3: -Habitat fragmentation involves the splitting of natural habitats and ecosystems into smaller and more isolated patches. It reduces the availability and the suitability of adjacent areas for wildlife.
Detailed explanation-4: -The example for the fragmentation is the Amazon rainforest that leads to extinction of species which is being cut and cleared for soybean cultivation for conservation to grassland for raising beef cattle. This is the fragmentation of the land which leads to population declines.
Detailed explanation-5: -(a) Habitat loss and fragmentation is the most common factor for extinction. An example of habitat loss is the extinction of few primates out 620 primate species in tropical rain forest. 6% of the earth land surface now comprises of the tropical rain forests which were earlier 14% and are destroyed very fast.