ECOLOGY
ECOSYSTEM
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Cold-tolerant bacteria that feed on sulfur and iron in the vents
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Giant kelp that use sulfur in photosynthesis
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Fish that do not need oxygen for cellular respiration
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Ocean mammals that tolerate cold and act as top predators in the food chain
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Detailed explanation-1: -Hydrothermal vents form deep in the ocean when iron-rich magma is released from openings on the seafloor. These vents spew extremely hot water (400oC) mixed with methane and sulfur.
Detailed explanation-2: -Hydrothermal vents are the result of seawater percolating down through fissures in the ocean crust in the vicinity of spreading centers or subduction zones (places on Earth where two tectonic plates move away or towards one another). The cold seawater is heated by hot magma and reemerges to form the vents.
Detailed explanation-3: -Hydrothermal vents support unique ecosystems and their communities of organisms in the deep ocean. They help regulate ocean chemistry and circulation. They also provide a laboratory in which scientists can study changes to the ocean and how life on Earth could have begun.
Detailed explanation-4: -Like hot springs and geysers on land, hydrothermal vents form in volcanically active areas-often on mid-ocean ridges, where Earth’s tectonic plates are spreading apart and where magma wells up to the surface or close beneath the seafloor.