NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -This is called allopatric speciation. There are five types of speciation: allopatric, peripatric, parapatric, and sympatric and artificial. Allopatric speciation (1) occurs when a species separates into two separate groups which are isolated from one another.

Detailed explanation-2: -New species form by speciation, in which an ancestral population splits into two or more genetically distinct descendant populations. Speciation involves reproductive isolation of groups within the original population and accumulation of genetic differences between the two groups.

Detailed explanation-3: -Here, we’ll explore these modes of speciation: Allopatric (allo = other, patric = place): New species formed from geographically isolated populations. Peripatric (peri = near, patric = place): New species formed from a small population isolated at the edge of a larger population.

Detailed explanation-4: -Speciation is an evolutionary process by which a new species comes into being. A species is a group of organisms that can reproduce with one another to produce fertile offspring and is reproductively isolated from other organisms.

Detailed explanation-5: -Hybrid speciation is quite rare in animals, but it does occur naturally. In this scenario, the resulting hybrid population is an independent new species that is reproductively isolated from both parental species. One such example is the Heliconius butterfly (ref).