NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Water quickly runs off unprotected soil because raindrops free small soil particles that, in turn, clog holes in the soil and reduce water infiltration. This water runoff transports soil organic matter, nutrients, sediments, and pesticides to rivers and lakes where it harms natural aquatic species.

Detailed explanation-2: -Runoff picks up fertilizer, oil, pesticides, dirt, bacteria and other pollutants as it makes its way through storm drains and ditches-untreated-to our streams, rivers, lakes and the ocean. Polluted runoff is one of the greatest threats to clean water in the U.S.

Detailed explanation-3: -It is the proportion of rainfall that does not infiltrate and is not taken up by evapotranspiration, and thus ends up as runoff. Some of the water which infiltrates emerges as baseflow or through springs and seeps and becomes part of runoff. Runoff ratio is controlled to some extent by natural factors.

Detailed explanation-4: -When rain falls onto the earth, it just doesn’t sit there, it starts moving according to the laws of gravity. A portion of the precipitation seeps into the ground to replenish Earth’s groundwater. Most of it flows downhill as runoff.

Detailed explanation-5: -Precipitation is water that falls from the atmosphere to the Earth’s surface. Infiltration is precipitation that soaks into the soil. Runoff is precipitation that does not soak into the soil but instead moves on the Earth’s surface toward streams.