NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The zooxanthellae facilitate the precipitation of calcium carbonate micro-spicules within the tissues of the soft corals. The symbiotic relationship in both scleractinians and octocorals generally operates within a defined temperature range of ∼18 to 33°C [26] with optimal temperatures at 25 to 29°C [27].

Detailed explanation-2: -The zooxanthellae live within the coral in a mutually beneficial relationship, each helping the other survive. But when the ocean environment changes-if it gets too hot, for instance-the coral stresses out and expels the algae. As the algae leaves, the coral fades until it looks like it’s been bleached.

Detailed explanation-3: -The corals and these special cells have a mutualistic relationship. The coral provides the zooxanthellae with a protected environment and compounds they need for photosynthesis. In return, the zooxanthellae produce oxygen and help the coral to remove wastes.

Detailed explanation-4: -When water is too warm, corals will expel the algae (zooxanthellae) living in their tissues causing the coral to turn completely white. This is called coral bleaching. When a coral bleaches, it is not dead. Corals can survive a bleaching event, but they are under more stress and are subject to mortality.