NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Ethanol is a domestically produced alternative fuel most commonly made from corn. It is also made from cellulosic feedstocks, such as crop residues and wood-though this is not as common. U.S. ethanol plants are concentrated in the Midwest because of the proximity to corn production.

Detailed explanation-2: -Commercial production of fuel ethanol in the U.S. involves breaking down the starch present in corn into simple sugars (glucose), feeding these sugars to yeast (fermentation), and then recovering the main prod-uct (ethanol) and byproducts (e.g., animal feed).

Detailed explanation-3: -Overall, 95% of ethanol is produced from corn. Currently, corn ethanol is mainly used in blends with gasoline to create mixtures such as E10, E15, and E85. Ethanol is mixed into more than 98% of United States gasoline to reduce air pollution. Corn ethanol is used as an oxygenate when mixed with gasoline.

Detailed explanation-4: -Current Potential for Use as a Biofuel Corn grain makes a good biofuel feedstock due to its starch content and its comparatively easy conversion to ethanol. Infrastructure to plant, harvest, and store corn in mass quantities benefits the corn ethanol industry.