NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Most of the glucose entering the tubular system is reabsorbed along the nephron segments, primarily in the proximal tubule, such that urine is almost free of glucose.

Detailed explanation-2: -The kidneys filter unwanted substances from the blood and produce urine to excrete them. There are three main steps of urine formation: glomerular filtration, reabsorption, and secretion. These processes ensure that only waste and excess water are removed from the body.

Detailed explanation-3: -The distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct is the final site of reabsorption in the nephron. Unlike the other components of the nephron, its permeability to water is variable depending on a hormone stimulus to enable the complex regulation of blood osmolarity, volume, pressure, and pH.

Detailed explanation-4: -Answer and Explanation: The substances that are not filtered through the nephrons are plasma proteins and blood cells as their large size prevents them from crossing the fenestrations of the glomerular filtration membrane.