NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The liver produces several chemicals (enzymes) that change ammonia into a form called urea, which the body can remove in the urine. If this process is disturbed, ammonia levels begin to rise. Several inherited conditions can cause problems with this waste-removal process.

Detailed explanation-2: -The urea cycle or ornithine cycle converts excess ammonia into urea in the mitochondria of liver cells. The urea forms, then enters the blood stream, is filtered by the kidneys and is ultimately excreted in the urine.

Detailed explanation-3: -It is the site where protein is metabolized to form ammonia. The ammonia is then converted to form urea. Urea is a nitrogenous waste that is present in the urine of ureotelic organisms.

Detailed explanation-4: -The liver prepares urea by combining two molecules of ammonia with one molecule of carbon dioxide in the urea cycle. Urea actively plays an important role in the countercurrent system of nephrons which allows the re-absorption of water molecules and other unwanted ions from the urine being excreted.

Detailed explanation-5: -India is the top country by urea production in the world. As of 2020, urea production in India was 24.6 million tonnes that accounts for 37.62% of the world’s urea production. The top 5 countries (others are Russian Federation, Indonesia, Pakistan, and Canada) account for 79.78% of it.