NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Xerophytes are the plants which are found in extreme dry conditions. They have very less number stomata present in sunken pits and therefore called sunken stomata. Their stomata being present in grooves keep the area around moist to tackle the water shortage. An example of xerophyte is the Cactus plant.

Detailed explanation-2: -Xerophytes are plants which can survive in dry or desert regions, i.e. with little water. Sunken stomata ensure less water loss, thus reduces the rate of transpiration. Hence, these are characteristically found in xerophytes.

Detailed explanation-3: -The xerophytic plants are the plants present in the desert and other dry environments. The rate of transpiration is high in xerophytic plants due to high temperatures. In order to minimize the rate of transpiration, they have sunken stomata.

Detailed explanation-4: -Sunken stomata are commonly found in Xerophytes, that are plants adapted to grow in desert conditions. Hydrophytes are plants that grow in water.

Detailed explanation-5: -In xerophytic leaves, stomata tend to be located on the lower (abaxial) surface. This side of the leaf is usually cooler, as the upper (adaxial) surface is facing the sun. In extremely dry conditions, stomata might be further protected from the desiccating outer air by being located in stomatal crypts. Figure 13.3.