NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -An example of a structural adaptation in a cactus is that they have a thick, waxy surface. This thick skin helps to keep water inside the cactus plant. Cacti generally grow very slowly. Because they grow slowly, they have a reduced demand for water.

Detailed explanation-2: -A cactus has special adaptations in its roots, leaves as well as stems that enable it to thrive in desert environments. These adaptations include: Leaves are reduced to spines to reduce water loss through transpiration. Wide and deep roots absorb rainwater on the surface and reach the underground deep water.

Detailed explanation-3: -Spines which are modified leaves. These minimise the surface area and so reduce water loss. The spines also protect the cacti from animals that might eat them. Very thick, waxy cuticle to reduce water loss by evaporation .

Detailed explanation-4: -Cacti have a thick, hard-walled, succulent stem – when it rains, water is stored in the stem. The stems are photosynthetic, green, and fleshy. The inside of the stem is either spongy or hollow (depending on the cactus). A thick, waxy coating keeps the water inside the cactus from evaporating.

Detailed explanation-5: -Hick, waxy skin to reduce loss of water and to reflect heat. Large, fleshy stems to store water. Thorns and thin, spiky or glossy leaves to reduce water loss. Spikes protect cacti from animals wishing to use stored water.