NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Oil spills are just another cause of water pollution, with devastating results for surrounding ecosystems. Oil spills from ships and tankers while travelling pollutes the seawater. The oil spilt doesn’t really dissolve into the water and instead produces a thick sludge that pollutes the water.

Detailed explanation-2: -Oceans are polluted by oil on a daily basis from oil spills, routine shipping, run-offs and dumping. Oil spills make up about 12% of the oil that enters the ocean. The rest come from shipping travel, drains and dumping.

Detailed explanation-3: -Most ocean pollution begins on land. Much of this runoff flows to the sea, carrying with it agricultural fertilizers and pesticides. Eighty percent of pollution to the marine environment comes from the land. One of the biggest sources is called nonpoint source pollution, which occurs as a result of runoff.

Detailed explanation-4: -Burning surface oil can also be a source for pollution such as soot particles. During the cleanup and recovery process, it will also generate air pollutants such as nitric oxides and ozone from ships. Lastly, bubble bursting can also be a generation pathway for particulate matter during an oil spill.

Detailed explanation-5: -Over the last 20 years in North America, oil spills occurred more frequently in offshore waters than nearshore waters, predominantly in the Gulf of Mexico. The volume of spills decreased significantly for pipelines, ships carrying oil, and coastal refineries.