NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Primary succession occurs when new land is formed or bare rock is exposed, providing a habitat that can be colonized for the first time. For example, primary succession may take place following the eruption of volcanoes, such as those on the Big Island of Hawaii. As lava flows into the ocean, new rock is formed.

Detailed explanation-2: -Succession on bare rock is called Xerosere. The lichens are the pioneer species and invade the bare rocks. They secrete acids which dissolve the rocks, help in their weathering and formation of soil.

Detailed explanation-3: -Primary succession happens when a new patch of land is created or exposed for the first time. This can happen, for example, when lava cools and creates new rocks, or when a glacier retreats and exposes rocks without any soil. During primary succession, organisms must start from scratch.

Detailed explanation-4: -Bryophytes secrete organic acids which gradually dissolve and disintegrate the rock. This increases the nutrient availability and make the site suitable for invasion by vascular plants.in this way, bryophytes helps in succession of plants on bare rocks by becoming pioneer plant community.

Detailed explanation-5: -Primary succession begins on rock formations, such as volcanoes or mountains, or in a place with no organisms or soil. Primary succession leads to conditions nearer optimum for vascular plant growth; pedogenesis or the formation of soil, and the increased amount of shade are the most important processes.