NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Darwin’s most important observations were made on the Galápagos Islands (see map in Figure below). This is a group of 16 small volcanic islands 96 6 kilometer s (600 miles) off the west coast of Ecuador, South America.

Detailed explanation-2: -Originally planned for two years, the voyage stretched to five, and took Darwin not only to South America but to Tahiti, Australia, New Zealand, Africa, and many of the Atlantic and Pacific islands in between.

Detailed explanation-3: -This produces changes in the traits of living things over time. During his voyage on the Beagle, Darwin made many observations that helped him develop his theory of evolution. Darwin’s most important observations were made on the Galápagos Islands.

Detailed explanation-4: -The Galapagos archipelago is located about 1, 000 km from continental Ecuador and is composed of 127 islands, islets and rocks, of which 19 are large and 4are inhabited. 97% of the total emerged surface (7, 665, 100 ha) was declared National Park in 1959.

Detailed explanation-5: -In Galapagos he found a remarkable population of plants, birds and reptiles that had developed in isolation from the mainland, but often differed on almost identical islands next door to one another and whose characteristics he could only explain by a gradual transformation of the various species.