NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Most animal homeotic genes encode transcription factor proteins that contain a region called the homeodomain and are called Hox genes. Hox genes are turned on by a cascade of regulatory genes; the proteins encoded by early genes regulate the expression of later genes.

Detailed explanation-2: -Hox genes code for proteins that attach to molecular switches on DNA, turning other genes on and off. The DNA-binding piece of a Hox protein is called the homeodomain, and it’s encoded by the homeobox. The homeodomains in different Hox proteins are similar but not identical-they bind to different DNA sequences.

Detailed explanation-3: -Answer and Explanation: Homeotic genes have the specific function of controlling body part identity and codes proteins for transcription factors. Hox genes differ in that their function is to direct the body plan.

Detailed explanation-4: -Nomenclature. The Hox genes are named for the homeotic phenotypes that result when their function is disrupted, wherein one segment develops with the identity of another (e.g. legs where antennae should be).

Detailed explanation-5: -Hox Genes. Hox genes are members of the homeotic transcription factor family that play a key role in controlling the body plan along the cranio-caudal axis (also referred to as anterior–posterior), and specify segment identity of tissues within the embryo.