NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Genetic variations that alter gene activity or protein function can introduce different traits in an organism. If a trait is advantageous and helps the individual survive and reproduce, the genetic variation is more likely to be passed to the next generation (a process known as natural selection).

Detailed explanation-2: -Effect of mutation on populations’ gene pool Vice versa, as the rate of mutation of DNA in germ cells increases, the frequency of new alleles passed onto offspring and thus, being introduced into the population, will increase. Therefore, the genetic variation of a population’s gene pool will increase.

Detailed explanation-3: -Mechanisms of New Gene Generation. Over the years, scientists have proposed several mechanisms by which new genes are generated. These include gene duplication, transposable element protein domestication, lateral gene transfer, gene fusion, gene fission, and de novo origination.