NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Only about 1 percent of DNA is made up of protein-coding genes; the other 99 percent is noncoding.

Detailed explanation-2: -They found that just 1.5% to 7% of the human genome is unique to Homo sapiens, free from signs of interbreeding or ancestral variants. Green described the 7% value as the portion of the human genome where humans are more closely related to each other than to Neanderthals or Denisovans.

Detailed explanation-3: -In humans, only about 2% of the genome encodes proteins. Much-but not all-of the remaining 98% is evolutionary detritus. In the 1960s, researchers learned that non-coding DNA can serve vital functions, such as regulating gene action and building ribosomes. The remainder they began to call junk.

Detailed explanation-4: -After the Human Genome Project, scientists found that there were around 20, 000 genes within the genome, a number that some researchers had already predicted. Remarkably, these genes comprise only about 1-2% of the 3 billion base pairs of DNA [].

Detailed explanation-5: -Our genetic manual holds the instructions for the proteins that make up and power our bodies. But less than 2 percent of our DNA actually codes for them. The rest-98.5 percent of DNA sequences-is so-called “junk DNA” that scientists long thought useless.