NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Thus the forelimbs of such widely differing mammals as humans, bats, and deer are homologous; the form of construction and the number of bones in these varying limbs are practically identical, and represent adaptive modifications of the forelimb structure of their common early mammalian ancestors.

Detailed explanation-2: -Previous studies on mammal DNA indicated that the common ancestor of these species lived 80 million years ago. The analysis showed that this common ancestor had DNA much more like our own than some of its other descendants, judging by the reconstruction.

Detailed explanation-3: -Humans have several vestigial structures, including a tailbone. The tailbone is all that’s left of a human ancestor species’ tail. Another vestigial structure is the appendix. Some scientists believe that it no longer serves any purpose in humans.

Detailed explanation-4: -Evidence for large-scale evolution (macroevolution) comes from anatomy and embryology, molecular biology, biogeography, and fossils. Similar anatomy found in different species may be homologous (shared due to ancestry) or analogous (shared due to similar selective pressures).

Detailed explanation-5: -The anatomical structures and physiological functions of different species provide evidence of evolution. Scientists compare and contrast types of anatomical features, known as homologous structures, vestigial structures, and analogous structures, to figure out how closely related different organisms are.