NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A homozygous dominant individual has two of the same dominant alleles for a gene. For example, a plant that is homozygous dominant for the red flower color allele has the genotype RR.

Detailed explanation-2: -The (RR) genotype is homozygous dominant and the (rr) genotype is homozygous recessive for seed shape. In the image above, a monohybrid cross is performed between plants that are heterozygous for round seed shape. The predicted inheritance pattern of the offspring results in a 1:2:1 ratio of the genotype.

Detailed explanation-3: -There are dominant homozygotes (i.e. RR individuals) and recessive homozygotes (i.e. rr individuals). An individual who carries two different alleles (i.e. Rr) is a heterozygote (hetero = different).

Detailed explanation-4: -RR x rr. You’ll note that 100% of all offspring are Rr, which is the genotype. Since the genotype for all offspring are the same, and the Rr genotype encodes a pink color, then 100% of the phenotypes will be pink (NOT red-remember that this is incomplete dominance).

Detailed explanation-5: -An organism with two dominant alleles for a trait is said to have a homozygous dominant genotype. Using the eye color example, this genotype is written BB. An organism with one dominant allele and one recessive allele is said to have a heterozygous genotype. In our example, this genotype is written Bb.