NEET BIOLOGY

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GENETICS AND EVOLUTION

EVOLUTION

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
Individuals of a particular species of ginger plants that are homoygous recessive for alleles of a gene that regulates height are phenotypically sickly and small. There are two population of ginger plants in this region:a population that grows near the river and another population that grows in the mountains. The river population has a high percentage of heterozygous individuals carrying the recessive allele, with some homozygotes that are sickly. Close to no individuals carry the recessive allele in the mountains. Considering how natural selection affects allele frequencies, what is a potential reason this recessive allele exists in the river population?
A
The river population of the ginger plant is older than the mountain population
B
Heterozygotes carrying one recessive allele and one dominant allele have a fitness advantage in the river area
C
The homozygote recessive sickly plants can survive near the river but not the mountain
D
The mountain area is a harder environment for the ginger to grow
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -Natural selection is a mechanism of evolution. Organisms that are more adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and pass on the genes that aided their success. This process causes species to change and diverge over time.

Detailed explanation-2: -Evolution by gene flow (migration) makes two different populations more similar to each other.

Detailed explanation-3: -According to Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection, organisms that possess heritable traits that enable them to better adapt to their environment compared with other members of their species will be more likely to survive, reproduce, and pass more of their genes on to the next generation.

Detailed explanation-4: -Mutation. Mutations create new genetic variations in a gene pool. It is how all new alleles first arise.

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