NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Mendel hypothesized that gametes have only one factor for each inherited trait. This hypothesis is supported by which observation? haploid cells are produced by meiosis. Mendel crossed a true-breeding plant that produced green peas with a true-breeding plant that produced yellow peas to produce an F1 generation.

Detailed explanation-2: -Mendel stated that heritable factors are segregated during gamete formation. More precisely, this law states that a pair of alleles is separated, or segregated, during the formation of gametes. During meiosis, homologous chromosomes are randomly separated.

Detailed explanation-3: -(HOH-moh-ZY-gus JEE-noh-tipe) The presence of two identical alleles at a particular gene locus. A homozygous genotype may include two normal alleles or two alleles that have the same variant.

Detailed explanation-4: -Mendel worked out that each person carried two ‘factors’ (what we now call genes) for each characteristic, with one inherited from each parent.

Detailed explanation-5: -Sexual reproduction has the potential to produce tremendous genetic variation in offspring. This variation is due to independent assortment and crossing-over during meiosis, and random union of gametes during fertilization.