NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Many diabetics, therefore, must inject insulin into their bodies daily. Prior to the 1980s, insulin for diabetics came from pigs and was very expensive. To create insulin inexpensively, the gene that produces human insulin was added to the genes in a normal E. coli bacteria.

Detailed explanation-2: -coli by recombinant DNA technology. Synthetic genes for human insulin A and B chains are cloned separately in plasmid pBR322. The cloned synthetic genes are then fused to an Escherichia coli -galactosidase gene to provide efficient transcription and translation and a stable precursor protein.

Detailed explanation-3: -Scientists add foreign DNA sequences to bacteria for two reasons: To make it easier to work with the DNA sequence. Once inside bacteria, a stretch of DNA can readily be copied and its sequence determined. To make a foreign protein within bacteria.

Detailed explanation-4: -That’s why human proteins such as insulin can be produced by bacterial cells. Right? The bacteria are genetically modified to produce human proteins via the common in DNA technology. Human insulin gene can be inserted into the bacterial DNA because all the organisms share the common genetic code.