NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Structure of DNA. Most DNA is found inside the nucleus of a cell, where it forms the chromosomes. Chromosomes have proteins called histones that bind to DNA. DNA has two strands that twist into the shape of a spiral ladder called a helix.

Detailed explanation-2: -Double helix, as related to genomics, is a term used to describe the physical structure of DNA. A DNA molecule is made up of two linked strands that wind around each other to resemble a twisted ladder in a helix-like shape. Each strand has a backbone made of alternating sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate groups.

Detailed explanation-3: -Chromatid A chromatid is one of the two identical halves of a chromosome that has been replicated in preparation for cell division. The two “sister” chromatids are joined at a constricted region of the chromosome called the centromere.

Detailed explanation-4: -Chromosomes are made up of a DNA-protein complex called chromatin that is organized into subunits called nucleosomes.

Detailed explanation-5: -Each chromosome consists of a single two-stranded DNA molecule. Genes are located along the chromosomes and the position at which a particular gene is found is called a locus (plural: loci). In diploid organisms, each cell contains two sets of chromosomes.