NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The Hardy-Weinberg principle is like a Punnett square for populations, instead of individuals. A Punnett square can predict the probability of offspring’s genotype based on parents’ genotype or the offsprings’ genotype can be used to reveal the parents’ genotype.

Detailed explanation-2: -For this principle to hold true, evolution must essentially be stopped. The conditions to maintain the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium are: no mutation, no gene flow, large population size, random mating, and no natural selection.

Detailed explanation-3: -It does not specifically selection for traits that are fit for the environment. Hence, answer is “Genetic drift"

Detailed explanation-4: -Because all of these disruptive forces commonly occur in nature, the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium rarely applies in reality. Therefore, the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium describes an idealized state, and genetic variations in nature can be measured as changes from this equilibrium state.

Detailed explanation-5: -(ii) What does the Hardy-Weinberg principle predict about the frequency of the t allele after another 10 generations? (b) Several years later, scientists repeated their study on this population. They found that the frequency of the recessive allele had decreased.