NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A phylogenetic tree’s trunk is used to symbolize a single common ancestor that split into two species at the node.

Detailed explanation-2: -His basic idea was that life began with an initial founding species, represented by the tree’s root. The trunk growing from that root split into two branches, marking the creation of two new species, and this branching continued right on up to the top of the tree-representing those species alive today.

Detailed explanation-3: -A phylogeny, or evolutionary tree, represents the evolutionary relationships among a set of organisms or groups of organisms, called taxa (singular: taxon). The tips of the tree represent groups of descendent taxa (often species) and the nodes on the tree represent the common ancestors of those descendants.

Detailed explanation-4: -In the Origin of Species, Charles Darwin famously proposed what we may now call the Universal Common Ancestry (UCA) hypothesis: “I should infer from analogy that probably all the organic beings which have ever lived on this earth have descended from some one primordial form, into which life was first breathed.” [1].