NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -This statement is true. Natural selection is a mechanism of evolution in which heritable traits that allow organisms to survive and reproduce more increase in frequency over time in a population.

Detailed explanation-2: -Natural selection can only work on existing variation within a population. Such variations arise by mutation, a change in some part of the genetic code for a trait. Mutations arise by chance and without foresight for the potential advantage or disadvantage of the mutation.

Detailed explanation-3: -Answer and Explanation: The correct answer is E) It requires genetic variation, results in descent with modification, and involves differential reproductive success.

Detailed explanation-4: -Natural selection requires variation between individuals. Mutations and sexual reproduction increase genetic variation in a population. Natural selection occurs when environmental pressures favor certain traits that are passed on to offspring.

Detailed explanation-5: -Individuals do not evolve; populations evolve. ›Evolution is measured as changes in relative proportions of heritable variations in a population over several generations. Natural selection can only work on heritable traits. Acquired traits are not heritable and are not subject to natural selection.