NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Genetic variations that alter gene activity or protein function can introduce different traits in an organism. If a trait is advantageous and helps the individual survive and reproduce, the genetic variation is more likely to be passed to the next generation (a process known as natural selection).

Detailed explanation-2: -Why can only the traits controlled by genes be acted upon by natural selection? Only genes are passed from parents to their offspring. How might the isolation of a group result in a new species? If a group is isolated from the rest of the species long enough to evolve different traits, a new specties could evolve.

Detailed explanation-3: -Natural selection is a mechanism of evolution. Organisms that are more adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and pass on the genes that aided their success. This process causes species to change and diverge over time.

Detailed explanation-4: -The theory of natural selection was explored by 19th-century naturalist Charles Darwin. Natural selection explains how genetic traits of a species may change over time. This may lead to speciation, the formation of a distinct new species.

Detailed explanation-5: -Hence, Enzyme activity, Body shape, Rate of ontogenetic development, and Instinctual behavior can be acted upon by natural selection if and only if these traits are controlled by genes.