NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Species endangerment and extinction have three major anthropogenic causes-overhunting or overharvesting; introduction of nonnative species, including the spread of disease; and habitat degradation or loss. All three causes probably were factors in prehistoric as well as modern times.

Detailed explanation-2: -The main cause of the extinctions is the destruction of natural habitats by human activities, such as cutting down forests and converting land into fields for farming. Due to human activities, populations of many species have become small and isolated.

Detailed explanation-3: -Extinction occurs when species are diminished because of environmental forces such as habitat fragmentation, climate change, natural disaster, overexploitation by humans, and pollution, or because of evolutionary changes in their members (genetic inbreeding, poor reproduction, decline in population numbers).

Detailed explanation-4: -The rising global temperature and sea levels have a negative effect on biodiversity. According to the WWF, half of the plant and animal species in the richest natural areas of the world could suffer local extinction by the end of the century due to climate change.

Detailed explanation-5: -An endangered species is a type of organism that is threatened by extinction. Species become endangered for two main reasons: loss of habitat and loss of genetic variation.