NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium . The Hardy-Weinberg Theorem deals with Mendelian genetics in the context of populations of diploid, sexually reproducing individuals. Given a set of assumptions (discussed below), this theorem states that: allele frequencies in a population will not change from generation to generation.

Detailed explanation-2: -To know if a population is in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium scientists have to observe at least two generations. If the allele frequencies are the same for both generations then the population is in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium.

Detailed explanation-3: -The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is a principle stating that the genetic variation in a population will remain constant from one generation to the next in the absence of disturbing factors.

Detailed explanation-4: -When a population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for a gene, it is not evolving, and allele frequencies will stay the same across generations. There are five basic Hardy-Weinberg assumptions: no mutation, random mating, no gene flow, infinite population size, and no selection.

Detailed explanation-5: -If the allele frequencies change from the original frequencies after one cycle of random mating, the population is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, and evolution has occurred within the population.