GENETICS AND EVOLUTION
EVOLUTION
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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A plasmid is used to replace a faulty gene in a human cell.
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A chain of bacterial amino acids is inserted into human DNA.
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A human gene is inserted into a bacterial plasmid.
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A mutation is produced in a bacterial cell.
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Detailed explanation-1: -In a typical cloning experiment, researchers first insert a piece of DNA, such as a gene, into a circular piece of DNA called a plasmid. This step uses restriction enzymes and DNA ligase and is called a ligation. After a ligation, the next step is to transfer the DNA into bacteria in a process called transformation.
Detailed explanation-2: -The three principal methods used for the creation of transgenic animals are DNA microinjection, embryonic stem cell-mediated gene transfer and retrovirus-mediated gene transfer.
Detailed explanation-3: -Hint: The insertion of a gene into the plasmid is known as gene cloning, which takes place to insert a specific gene into the plasmid vector for its transformation. The insertion takes place with the help of restriction enzymes and DNA ligase.
Detailed explanation-4: -Recombinant DNA is a technology scientists developed that made it possible to insert a human gene into the genetic material of a common bacterium. This “recombinant” micro-organism could now produce the protein encoded by the human gene. Scientists build the human insulin gene in the laboratory.