GENETICS AND EVOLUTION
EVOLUTION
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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the tail of a fish and the tail of a monkey
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the arm of a human and the wing of a bird
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the wing of a butterfly and the wing of a bat
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the flipper of a dolphin and the fin of a shark
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Detailed explanation-1: -Although both the wing and arm are morphologically different and perform different functions but anatomically they resemble each other. They show similarities in the pattern of bones of forelimbs . They have the same set of bones i.e. humerus, radius, ulna, and phalanges.
Detailed explanation-2: -Homologous features If two or more species share a unique physical feature, such as a complex bone structure or a body plan, they may all have inherited this feature from a common ancestor. Physical features shared due to evolutionary history (a common ancestor) are said to be homologous.
Detailed explanation-3: -Homology vs. Features of animals that have similar structure are classified as homologous if they have a common evolutionary origin, even if they have different functions in different animals. A classic example of homologous structures is that of the wing of a bat and the arm of a human.
Detailed explanation-4: -An example of homologous structures are the limbs of humans, cats, whales, and bats. Regardless of whether it is an arm, leg, flipper or wing, these structures are built upon the same bone structure. Homologies are the result of divergent evolution.
Detailed explanation-5: -Answer and Explanation: The wing of a bird and the arm of a human are examples of d) analogousstructures.