NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In pea plants, seed color is an example of complete dominance. This means the dominant allele only needs to be present in one copy to give rise to the trait. A recessive allele must be present in two copies. For seed color, the yellow allele (Y) is dominant while the green allele (y) is recessive.

Detailed explanation-2: -The dominant seed color is yellow; therefore, the parental genotypes were YY for the plants with yellow seeds and yy for the plants with green seeds.

Detailed explanation-3: -The green pea phenotype has a genotype of aa. When Mendel looked at the results of this mating, he saw that all of the offspring had yellow seeds.

Detailed explanation-4: -A heterozygous yellow pea will have the genotype “Yy” while a green pea, which is recessive, will have the genotype “yy". Putting these gametes into a Punnett Square, you will end up with the following possible genotype/phenotype combinations: 50% of offspring will have the genotype “Yy” and phenotype of yellow.

Detailed explanation-5: -Pure-bred round-yellow pea seeds have genotype RRYY and the pure-bred wrinkled-green pea seeds have genotype rryy.