NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -WHAT’S A KARYOTYPE? A karyotype is a photograph of chromosomes grouped in order in pairs. Karyotyping is a test to examine chromosomes in a cell, which can help identify genetic problems as the cause of a disorder or disease.

Detailed explanation-2: -The rule of karyotyping is to arrange 22 autosomes following the size and sex chromosomes, X and Y, at the end. Chromosomes are classified into seven groups, A to G, by the length and centromere position.

Detailed explanation-3: -Metaphase At this stage, the chromosomes are distinguishable when viewed through a microscope. Metaphase chromosomes are used in karyotyping, a laboratory technique for identifying chromosomal abnormalities.

Detailed explanation-4: -A normal human karyotype contains 23 pairs of chromosomes: 22 pairs of autosomes and 1 pair of sex chromosomes, generally arranged in order from largest to smallest. The short arm of a chromosome is referred to as the p arm, while the long arm is designated the q arm.