GENETICS AND EVOLUTION
INHERITANCE AND VARIATION
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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True
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False
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Either A or B
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None of the above
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Detailed explanation-1: -In the nucleus of each cell, the DNA molecule is packaged into thread-like structures called chromosomes. Each chromosome is made up of DNA tightly coiled many times around proteins called histones that support its structure.
Detailed explanation-2: -Figure 1: Chromosomes are composed of DNA tightly-wound around histones. Chromosomal DNA is packaged inside microscopic nuclei with the help of histones. These are positively-charged proteins that strongly adhere to negatively-charged DNA and form complexes called nucleosomes.
Detailed explanation-3: -Condensed DNA is found in a tightly packed area of chromatin called heterochromatin. Its transcription is dormant. The transcriptionally active portion of chromatin is called euchromatin, which is loosely packed.
Detailed explanation-4: -Chromosomes are bundles of tightly coiled DNA located within the nucleus of almost every cell in our body. Humans have 46 chromosomes in their somatic (non-reproductive) cells.
Detailed explanation-5: -Condensing DNA into chromosomes prevents DNA tangling and damage during cell division.