NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -When a trait is dominant, only one allele is required for the trait to be observed. A dominant allele will mask a recessive allele, if present. A dominant allele is denoted by a capital letter (A versus a).

Detailed explanation-2: -Heredity, also called inheritance or biological inheritance, is the passing on of traits from parents to their offspring; either through asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction, the offspring cells or organisms acquire the genetic information of their parents.

Detailed explanation-3: -Autosomal dominant inheritance is a way a genetic trait or condition can be passed down from parent to child. One copy of a mutated (changed) gene from one parent can cause the genetic condition. A child who has a parent with the mutated gene has a 50% chance of inheriting that mutated gene.

Detailed explanation-4: -Some disorders are caused by dominant alleles for genes. Inheriting just one copy of such a dominant allele will cause the disorder. This is the case with Huntington disease, achondroplastic dwarfism, and polydactyly. People who are heterozygous (Aa) are not healthy carriers.

Detailed explanation-5: -Though the doctors were trying to diagnose the cause of her deafness, they instead diagnosed her with genome-wide uniparental disomy or diploidy (GWUPD). In this condition, a person will not inherit 23 chromosomes from one parent each for a total of 46, but will instead inherit almost all chromosomes from one parent.