GENETICS AND EVOLUTION
INHERITANCE AND VARIATION
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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change in the bacteria = have become immune to the antibiotic;type of selection = artificial
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change in the bacteria = have become immune to the antibiotic;type of selection = natural
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change in the bacteria = have become resistant to the antibiotic;type of selection = artificial
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change in the bacteria = have become resistant to the antibiotic;type of selection = natural
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Detailed explanation-1: -Antibiotic resistance occurs when bacteria change in response to the use of these medicines. Bacteria, not humans or animals, become antibiotic-resistant. These bacteria may infect humans and animals, and the infections they cause are harder to treat than those caused by non-resistant bacteria.
Detailed explanation-2: -Antibiotics are useless against viral infections because viruses are so simple that they use their host cells to perform their activities. Antibiotics damage the cell wall of living organisms leading to their death. The viruses do not have a cell wall.
Detailed explanation-3: -Antimicrobial resistance happens when germs like bacteria and fungi develop the ability to defeat the drugs designed to kill them. That means the germs are not killed and continue to grow. Resistant infections can be difficult, and sometimes impossible, to treat.
Detailed explanation-4: -The introduction of antibiotics into clinical use was arguably the greatest medical breakthrough of the 20th century (Figure 1) [1]. In addition to treating infectious diseases, antibiotics made many modern medical procedures possible, including cancer treatment, organ transplants and open-heart surgery.
Detailed explanation-5: -Antimicrobial resistance mechanisms fall into four main categories: (1) limiting uptake of a drug; (2) modifying a drug target; (3) inactivating a drug; (4) active drug efflux.