NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Cacti utilize CAM photosynthesis, a process unique to succulents. In CAM photosynthesis, stomata open only at night when the plant is relatively cool, so less moisture is lost through transpiration.

Detailed explanation-2: -The leaves of desert plants are modified to spines. This reduces the surface area and in turn, reduces the loss of water by transpiration. Spines also protect the desert plants from being eaten by animals.

Detailed explanation-3: -The main way that cactus spines prevent cacti from losing water is by reducing air flow around the cactus. Spines break up air flow, which can help reduce evaporation. The trapped air around the cactus can also create a buffer zone with slightly more moist air.

Detailed explanation-4: -Some desert plants store water in their leaves, stems, or roots. Others have thick, waxy skin that helps prevent water loss. Some desert plants have small leaves that help reduce evaporation. Others have deep taproots that help them reach the underground water sources.

Detailed explanation-5: -Instead of stomata that open during the day, cacti have stomata that open at night. This helps them survive in extreme conditions. Cacti can still get the carbon dioxide they need to make their food without having their water supply zapped.